Realizations of Voice in Udmurt: the case of the suffix ­-s’k-

In this talk I will present data for the different functions of the suffix -s’k- in Udmurt. I will show that this suffix can be used to mark reflexive, non-causative, and half-passive forms, and, in contemporary Udmurt, as a passive marker as well, although the constructions have different syntactic properties otherwise. It will be argued that syntactically the suffix -s’k- is the exponent of different Voice heads, such as active Voice in the case of reflexive and non-causative verb forms, middle Voice in the case of half-passive, and passive Voice in the case of passives. In addition, I will present a parallelism with the Hungarian suffix -Ód, which also has different functions.